What type of stretching uses bouncing and the momentum of the body or limb to force it beyond a normal range of motion?

Ballistic stretching involves using momentum from movements or bounces to push a body part beyond its normal range of motion. This method relies on the natural elasticity of the muscles and tendons to achieve an increased stretch. The quick, dynamic movements associated with ballistic stretching are intended to target flexibility but can also create a risk of injury if not performed correctly or without proper warm-up.

Contrastingly, static stretching involves holding a muscle in a stretched position without movement for a set duration. Dynamic stretching incorporates controlled, smooth movements through a full range of motion, typically used as part of a warm-up routine. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation is a more advanced technique that combines stretching and contracting of the targeted muscle group but does not utilize bouncing or momentum.