What is the respiratory quotient (RQ) value associated with carbohydrates?

The respiratory quotient (RQ) is a measure of the ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed during metabolism. Each macronutrient has its own specific RQ value based on its conversion processes in the body. Carbohydrates, when fully oxidized for energy, result in a complete combustion reaction that releases carbon dioxide and requires oxygen in a definitive ratio. The RQ value for carbohydrates is 1.0, which indicates that the amount of carbon dioxide produced is equal to the amount of oxygen used during their metabolism.

This value is significant for understanding energy production and metabolism within the body. It signifies that carbohydrates yield a relatively high amount of energy per molecule burned, which is why they are a primary source of fuel for high-intensity activities. In contrast, fats and proteins have lower RQ values due to the different number of oxygen molecules required for their complete oxidation compared to carbohydrates, further illustrating their distinct metabolic pathways.